Duopoly in the 1960s

Duopoly in the 1960s, also known as The Golden Age. It was the era of two competing broadcasters, ITV and BBC. The two institutions had full control over the programmes as they produced them in house. The competition between the two would have had negative impacts on the country as they both have similar soaps such as Eastenders on BBC ONE and Coronation Street on ITV. It can be quite boring as they'd probably both have the news on at the same time. It would be less mainstream than it is now.

Television Industries: Ownership ITV

ITV Fact File 

• The name and number of ITV channels are: ITV, ITV2, ITVBe, ITV3, ITV4, CITV. In total ITV has 6 channels. 

• The most popular ITV show is Coronation Street.
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• Other platforms include: Phones, laptops, internet, television.
• ITV generates income purely through advertising. 
• Make more money and can be more creative since not owned by the government. 

Television Industries: Ownership BBC

BBC Fact File 

• The BBC stands for British Broadcasting Corporation. It was founded on 18th October 1922 by John Reith. He quit the BBC in 1938, one year before television was released to the public.

• BBC channels include: BBC One, BBC Two, BBC Three, BBC Four, CBBC, CBeebies, BBC NEWS, BBC Parliament, BBC Alba. In total, there are nine BBC channels.

• Most popular BBC 1 programmes are: The Apprentice, Doctor Who, Strictly Come Dancing.
• The most expensive programme the BBC has made is would be Doctor Who.
• Other platforms include: mobile phones, laptops, television, radio, internet.
• It generates income in other ways such as selling programmes to other companies, or through TV licensing.

Crime Drama Industries and Audiences

Television: Industries and Audiences 

Terminology
Publicly owned TV channel - Public broadcasting includes radio, television and other electronic media outlets. Channel 1 is an example of this and this is BBC 1 which is funded by TV license.

• Commercial TV channel - Commercial broadcasting is the broadcasting of television programmes and radio programming by privately owned corporate media, as opposed to state sponsorship. 

• Convergence - The different media platforms in which television can be watched. For example laptops, phones. 

• Watershed - The separation of family oriented content to content aimed for an older or adult audience. Usually around 21:00.

• Segmented market - Market segmentation is the process of dividing a market of potential customers into groups, or segments, based on different characteristics. The segments created are composed of consumers who will respond similarly to marketing strategies and who share traits such as similar interests, needs, or locations.

• Mainstream - traditional forms of mass communication, such as newspapers, television, and radio (as opposed to the Internet) regarded collectively.

• Self regulating - Self-regulation has been portrayed as superior to government regulation for addressing problems of new media such as digital television and the Internet. ... These include industry incentives, the ability of government to regulate, the use of measurable standards, public participation, and industry structure.

• Franchise - Owning the rights to a TV series or movie series. 

• Channel surfing - Channel surfing is the practice of quickly scanning through different television channels or radio frequencies to find something interesting to watch or listen to.

• PSB - In the United Kingdom, the term "public service broadcasting" refers to broadcasting intended for public benefit rather than to serve purely commercial interests.

• TV license - A TV Licence is a legal permission to install or use television receiving equipment to watch or record television programmes as they are being shown on TV or live on an online TV service, and to download or watch BBC programmes on demand, including catch up TV, on BBC iPlayer. 

• Scheduling - A timetable that tells you when TV shows are going to be aired. 

• Conglomerate - A company that owns several smaller businesses whose products or services are usually very different.

TV was introduced to the UK in 1936 but due to the war it was paused and was resumed in 1939.

BBC 1, BBC 2 and ITV were the only channels available in the UK in 1965.

ITV was introduced in 1955 and it was different because it was the UK's first commercial channel.

BBC, ITV, Channel 4 and Channel 5 have to follow PSB remits.

Ofcom regulated TV.

Lego Movie Posters

The Lego Movie released 6 posters promoting the characters, this will attract a bigger audience because of the characters and their side movies in the case of Batman however they include the actor that is the voice of those characters attracting bigger audience like adults and teenagers.



The Lego Movie also released another poster including most of the characters and a few side characters and the actors of the main characters. When releasing the posters there wasn't a big gab between them. They have gained a bigger audience because they included the actors names in the character posters

 

The Lego Movie teaser and theatrical poster

 

A teaser poster would normally be released months before the theatrical poster

A theatrical poster would be released weeks before the movie 

The theatrical poster appeals to a target audience because it includes the actors starred in the movie, the main image with the main characters, it features the date of release and the director. This would appeal to an older audience because they may like to know who is in the film and maybe who has directed the film. The genre conventions that are included in the poster are: Children, Adventure, Comedy, Animation.

Lego Movie Poster Campaign

Denotation
Stating the obvious, stating information that is an opinion.

Connotation 
Stating information that is factual.

The Lego Movie Video Game Analysis


Denotations of the cover
The front guy is the hero and is male. The character behind him is a woman and possibly the sidekick. The guy on the top left is male and the villain.

Connotations of the cover
The front guys pose shows that he's the hero and the girls pose behind him shows that she's his sidekick. The guy in the top left is the villain because of his face and the colour of the clothes he is wearing.

The context
Its a cover for a video game and is also an advert in itself as it will be seen in shops and on TV

Who is it aimed at?
It is aimed at children between the ages 7 and 10, the colours also give this away because they are associated with kids and their personalities.

What meanings does it give them?
That its a video game for kids because of the cover and the way it is presented.

How effective is it?
Its really effective because it appeals to a younger audience, this is because of the colours used and the characters featured and what is included on the cover

The Lego Movie Video Game

Video games released alongside films:
The Lego Movie
Harry Potter
Guardians of the Galaxy
Batman
Lord of the Rings

Companies tie in video games with films because it gives them more ways of marketing and promoting the film therefore making a bigger profit. Also you get to become part of the narrative by playing as one of the characters, it also makes the film more enjoyable and pleasurable for kids and adults.

Uses and Gratifications 
Blumler and Katz theory - 1973
Entertainment - offers distraction from the world
Personal Identity - helps us consider who we are; what ideas and values we identify with
Relationships - we find things we can share and discuss with others
Information - new information we want to know or take pleasure in knowing

Which Apply?
Entertainment - it is entertaining because you get to play as all of the characters, there are references to the movie which make it more fun, you get to build part of the set.
Personal Identity - it helps us understand what type of a person we are by doing puzzles in the game and how we enjoy playing the game.
Relationships - kids and teenagers will talk about the game with their friends and family and will play the game with each other.
Information - the information kids draw from the game also comes from real life situations as well just in a video game form and as if it were lego.

Explain two reasons why a film company would release a tie - in video game to a film.
Lego and Warner Bros. released a tie - in video game to help with the marketing and promotion of The Lego Movie. The video game would help with the promotion and marketing of the film because kids that play games would want to purchase the game and may not have seen the movie before therefore attracting them towards the film. Because the film being a big hit, the game would most likely follow through and make big profit.

Analyse how the Uses and Gratifications theory applies to The Lego Movie Video Game.
The Uses and Gratifications theory applies to the Lego Game because the game would satisfy the needs of a child and would attract them towards the film. A kid would want to play as their favourite characters in the film so they can play the game to interact with their favourite characters and play the role they play in the game and film. Game critics as well would be interested in the game because they may have a list of things that they want in a game and the Lego Game can offer what they want and maybe more.